Antenna



0. SCHMIDT March 14, 1933.

ANTENNA Filed Feb. 18, 1930 INVENTOR OMMO SCHMID BY 7 A'ITORNEY Patented Mar. 14, 1933 gr OFFICE OMIVIO SCHMIDT, 0F BERLIN, GERMANY, .A SSIGNOR 'IO TELEZE'TINKEN GESELLSGHAFT FUR DRAH'ILOSE TELEGRAPI-IIE M. B. 11., OF BERLIN, GEBMANY,VA. CORTORLATION 0F GERMANY ANTENNA Application filed. February 18, 1930, Serial No. 429,282, and in Germany February 19, 1929.

It is known that in order to eliminate disturbances caused by the fading effect, circularly or elliptically polarized waves are used for the transmission of signals. The present invention has as an object the provision of an aerial arrangement which will allow the transmission of circularly polarized waves and at the same time will have a very marked directional effect.

In order to transmit circularly polarized waves two aerials are placed at right angles to each other and excited by means of currents with a relative temporal phase displacement of 90. Although the two aerials carry cophasal currents they are arranged spacially in such a manner that the required phase displacement is obtained as a result of the difference in the length of path travelled by the radiated waves. Either circularly polarized or elliptically polarized fields may be obtained by suitable spacing of the vertical and horizontal antennae and by suitable phasing of the currents therein. Elliptical polarization may also occur when the currents in the horizontal and vertical antennae are of different magnitude. 7

Further in order to obtain a distinct directive effect it is a further object to employ the beam-aerial principle which consists in placing a system of transmitters or emitters in one plane together with the right angled antennae. The aerial layout according to this invention comprises two antenna systems, one consisting of a number of horizontal linear aerials arranged in one plane and the other consisting of corresponding vertical linear aerials. These two antenna systems are suitably connected by means of power lines to the radio frequency transmitter in such a manner as to secure the required phase displacement for the emitted vertical or horizontal fields. The proper phase displacement is obtained in the familiar manner by including in the circuit suitable tuningdevices. In addition, it is desirable to provide these antenna systems with reflector arrangements.

One antenna layout in accordance with the invention is illustrated on the attached figure.

Referring thereto 6 represents the power lines supplying the various horizontal transmitters and E,the power lines which feed the vertical aerials. The separate horizontal and vertical aerials are marked a and I) respectively. A and A as well as G and G denote adjusting transformers for the vertical and horizontal beams and t the radio:

frequency combination transformers'for the a combined vertical and horizontal systems. A, is the adjusting transformer for the verticalbeam of the reflector aerial, which is analogous to the transmitting antenna system but placed in the rear thereof.

An aerial layout in accordance with this invention may obviously be applied for receiving purposes as well.

I claim as my invention:

1. An aerial layout, particularly for short wave operation, employing two antenna systems, one comprising of a number of vertical linear aerials arranged one above the other in one plane, the other comprising a number of horizontal linear aerials arranged in a plane parallel to and spaced from the first,

each of the two antenna systems being connected by means of separate transmission lines to common high frequency apparatus, and phase adjustment apparatus associated with each of-said separate transmission lines. 2. An aerial layout according to claim 1, wherein a reflector, similar to said antenna systems, is provided for the aerial layout.

OMMO SCHMIDT. 

